A key insight of the institutional approaches to industrial dynamics is that specific models of economic organization may combine the institutional arrangements of markets, hierarchies, and networks in different ways, resulting in inter-firm relations that are complementary to different types of...

The global innovation map is changing. Until a few years ago innovation activities were concentrated in the US, Europe and Japan. Not anymore. The rising powers of China, India and Brazil are encroaching on the innovation stronghold of the old powers. This report explores how deep the change...

There is increasing agreement that Indian software firms are making the transition from competitive advantage based on low cost to competitive advantage based on innovation. However, there are few insights about how this process works. This paper seeks to bring together the outsourcing, global...

Over the last three decades, outsourcing has had a big influence on the international division of labour. It is clear that it has been a major reason for the enormous build-up of production capabilities in the developing world, in particular in the export platforms of Asia. However, the...