This study examines the variations within Asia of two exceptions to patent rights that are commonly justified under Article 30 of the World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (the TRIPS Agreement), namely the research and experimentation...

This research aims to investigate the impact of COVID-19 vaccinations and fear indices on healthcare stock index prices in Southeast Asia during the vaccination rollout. The authors analyzed four Southeast Asian countries (i. e., Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand) during the period of...

For decades, East and Southeast Asia have experienced repeated threats from outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases that have contributed to widespread human suffering and death at the global level. The SARS epidemic and highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza provide just two recent examples...

South-East Asian Regional (SEAR) countries range from low- to middle-income countries and have considerable differences in mix of public and private sector expenditure on health. This study intends to estimate the income-elasticities of healthcare expenditure in public and private sectors...