1. Introduction -- 2. The evil of a premature death -- 3. An insurance against a short life -- 4. Reversing retirement … insurance against the risk of an early death. In contrast to the way in which economically developed countries provide ways of … insuring citizens against other possibilities, such as unemployment and disease, no such social insurance mechanism exists for …

, a substantial share of annual redistribution might turn out to serve individual insurance in a longer perspective …

, a substantial share of annual redistribution might turn out to serve individual insurance in a longer perspective. In …

. Policymakers have attempted to ensure the sustainability of these programs in recent decades by raising retirement ages. However …