With rural extreme poverty officially eradicated in 2020, China is to move to measuring relative poverty in urban and … rural areas. Relative poverty describes circumstances in which people cannot afford actively to participate in society and … percent of national median disposable income. While a single poverty threshold symbolises national unity, separate poverty …

Poverty maps are a useful tool for the targeting of social programs on areas with high concentrations of poverty …. However, a static focus on poverty ignores the temporal dimension of poverty. Thus, current nonpoor households still face … substantial welfare volatility and are at risk of becoming poor in the face of shocks. We combine the methods of poverty mapping …