The Ingreso Mínimo Vital (Minimum Vital Income), Spain's nationwide minimum income scheme introduced in 2020, offers beneficiaries a unique national guaranteed income as a last-resort benefit. However, the scheme's design featured a lack of work incentives for low earners, potentially leading...

Early Modern historians have long been fascinated by the mercantile world of the late medieval and early modern periods. The reason for their fascination can be ascribed to the wealth, cosmopolitism, social capital and political clout that many of these merchants (mostly men) projected onto...

During the early modern age, shaping the mechanisms and guarantees of financial and commercial transactions was the basis for the expansion of commercial markets: the beginning of market globalization was due not only to the discovery of a new continent and new trade routes, but also to the...

This essay proposes a preliminary approach to some documents in Italian and Hebrew at the Datini archive. Illustrative cases of what we might call the archaeology of paper, Arnau del Vilar's two manuscript bills and Abram Desforn's letter had lain ensconced in Prato for more than 600 years, and...