In this paper, the author presents the impact of new players and factors in international business activities, which have a direct influence on international economic structure. One of the most important determinants over the last decades has been foreign direct investment, which has encouraged...

Most studies on Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) focus on the impact of their expansion through inward or outward foreign direct investment (FDI) flows. However, divestments are quite common among the operations of MNEs. In order to derive their effects, we build a computable general equilibrium...

Most studies on Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) focus on the impact of their expansion through inward or outward foreign direct investment (FDI) flows. However, divestments are quite common among the operations of MNEs. In order to derive their effects, we have built a computable general...

The paper evaluates the effect of Double Taxation Treaties (DTTs) on Spain’s inward and outward Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) for the period 1993–2013. Estimates produce positive and statistically significant coefficients. However, there are some differences between the inbound and...

The present paper evaluates the effect of Double Taxation Treaties and the Territorial Tax System of countries on Spain's inward and outward FDI for the period 1993-2013. Estimations produce a positive and statistically significant effect of Treaties for both samples when using a simple binary...

Many believe that multinational enterprises insensitively ignore political rights and civil liberties in the countries of their investments. Frequently, non-governmental organizations accuse multinationals of fostering repressive regimes in developing countries and consider foreign direct...

We investigate the link between productivity of firms and their sourcing behavior. Following Antràs & Helpman (2004) we distinguish between domestic and foreign sourcing, as well as between outsourcing and vertical integration. A firm's choice is driven by a hold-up problem caused by lack of...

While general equilibrium theories of trade stress the role of third-country effects, little work has been done in the empirical foreign direct investment (FDI) literature to test such spatial linkages. This paper aims to provide further insights into long-run determinants of Spanish FDI by...

Over the last decade, Spain has ceased being a net receiver of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and has become a net provider. Although more dynamic outflows partly explain this change, the decline in FDI inflows also played its part. Given the benefits associated to FDI, it is worth inquiring...