This article presents an overview of the study of living standards in Spain from the perspective of anthropometric … history and new data from recent research. The aim is to examine changes in nutrition during the industrial age through …

much improvement to workers' living conditions. The consequences to health and nutrition of Spain's Civil War and its … by means of secular trends in height. The data pertain to Elche, a town in the Valencia region of southeastern Spain that … witnessed early and rapid industrial development in the context of Spain's delayed industrialisation and experienced strong …

This paper analyses nutritional inequalities and stunting in inner rural Spain from a case study carried out in Castile …

This paper analyses nutritional inequalities and stunting in inner rural Spain from a case study carried out in Castile …

By the turn of the 20th century, nation-building reformers in Spain tried to stimulate schooling expansion to improve … (or at least dignify) Spain’s position in the international arena. However, in this paper we find that democratic …

's agenda. This paper contributes to the debate by providing new estimates of net capital stock and services for Spain over the …

, health, living standards, and biological welfare since ancient times. It has been shown that nutrition was not worse during … deteriorated in both countries, earlier in Spain than in Portugal, between 1840 and 1900 recruitments. Since then, human growth has … the same period, the latter being somewhat higher in 1880. The advance of biological welfare in Spain is more meaningful …

The article presents and discusses long-run series of per capita GDP and life expectancy for Italy and Spain (1861 … the two countries can be detected: Spain began to modernize later in GDP, with higher volatility in life expectancy until …

evolution in France and Spain. Firstly, the importance of the height as an indicator to explore the evolution of the biological … recent boom in Spain. This study presents the secular trend with height data of 19‐ 21 year‐old conscripts, corresponding to …