The demographic history of the Jews in the Middle Ages may be characterized by two main phenomena: i) a sharp drop in the number of Jews until the beginning of the modern period, due mainly to conversions; and, ii) early urbanization. Until now, these features have been analyzed as primarily...

This paper uses a game theoretic model to investigate the 1993-94 split-up of the main German pharmaceutical association into an association for multinational, researchbased companies and an association representing small and medium-sized firms. In order to explain the breakdown of cooperation...