We show that choices in competitive behavior may entail a gender wage gap. In our experi ments, employees first choose … pie size the employee has generated, the remuneration scheme chosen, and the employee's gender. Employers then decide how … the pie will be split, as in a dictator game. Whereas employers do not discriminate by gender when tournaments are chosen …

competitive incentives. The literature suggests that such a male competitive advantage may contribute to observed gender gaps in … labor force pay and achievement. Understanding which factors may be driving these gender differences is essential for … performance patterns: (i) males are better than females at handling competitive pressure, and (ii) males enjoy competition more or …

This paper analyzes potential gender differences in competitive environments using a sample of over 100 …, we also find evidence for top players winning more tie-breaks at Grand Slams. Overall, we find virtually no gender …

contribute to the gender pay gap. In this paper, we ask: How does gender affect how individuals react to competition against …Gender differences in competitive behavior have been well documented by economists and other social scientists; however …, the bulk of the research addresses competition with others and excludes other economically relevant competition that may …

consequences? In a laboratory experiment, we study three different quota rules that favor individuals whose performance is low …, either due to bad luck (discrimination), low productivity, or choice of a short working time. Higher fairness perceptions … coincide with a higher willingness to compete and less retaliation against winners. No policy harms overall efficiency or post-competition …

consequences? In a laboratory experiment, we study three different quota rules that favor individuals whose performance is low …, either due to bad luck (discrimination), low productivity, or choice of a short working time. Higher fairness perceptions … coincide with a higher willingness to compete and less retaliation against winners. No policy harms overall efficiency or post-competition …

consequences? In a laboratory experiment, we study three different quota rules in tournaments that favor individuals whose … performance is low, either due to discrimination, low productivity, or choice of a short working time. Affirmative action favoring … matter for the consequences of affirmative action. No policy harms overall productivity or post-competition teamwork, but …

The underrepresentation of women at the top of hierarchies is often explained by gender differences in preferences. We … characterized by self-selection into an uncertain, competitive and male-dominated environment. We observe gender differences in … playing behavior consistent with women being more averse towards risk and competition. Moreover, we demonstrate how "shying …