Economic theory suggests that the deterrence of deviant behavior is driven by a combination of severity and certainty … of punishment. This paper presents the first controlled experiment to study a third important factor that has been mainly … overlooked: the swiftness of formal sanctions. We consider two dimensions: the timing at which the uncertainty about whether one …

Economic theory suggests that the deterrence of deviant behavior is driven by a combination of severity and certainty … of punishment. This paper presents the first controlled experiment to study a third important factor that has been mainly … overlooked: the swiftness of formal sanctions. We consider two dimensions: the timing at which the uncertainty about whether one …

consequences? In a laboratory experiment, we study three different quota rules that favor individuals whose performance is low … coincide with a higher willingness to compete and less retaliation against winners. No policy harms overall efficiency or post-competition …

consequences? In a laboratory experiment, we study three different quota rules that favor individuals whose performance is low … coincide with a higher willingness to compete and less retaliation against winners. No policy harms overall efficiency or post-competition …

consequences? In a laboratory experiment, we study three different quota rules in tournaments that favor individuals whose … matter for the consequences of affirmative action. No policy harms overall productivity or post-competition teamwork, but …

coordination when there is strategic uncertainty. We compare the choices made by experimental subjects in a minimum effort game. In …

. But how does such punishment work when there is uncertainty regarding whether an agent actually cheated or was just the … victim of bad luck? And how might such uncertainty be mitigated---or exacerbated---by non-observable, pro-social behavioral … characteristics? We address these questions by designing a simple modified trust game with uncertainty and the capacity for principals …

We conduct a contest experiment where participants can invest in increasing both the mean and the spread of an … uncertain performance variable. Subjects are treated with different prize schemes and in accordance with theory we observe …