The purpose of this article is to present new evidence on living standards during the Spanish industrialisation process by means of secular trends in height. The data pertain to Elche, a town in the Valencia region of southeastern Spain that witnessed early and rapid industrial development in...

This article presents an overview of the study of living standards in Spain from the perspective of anthropometric history and new data from recent research. The aim is to examine changes in nutrition during the industrial age through anthropometric indicators. The paper provides new evidence on...

"Food consumption and nutrition are historically among the most characteristic features of inequality in living standards driven by socio-economic, gender, generational and geographical reasons. Nutrition directly impacts mortality, life expectancy, height and illness, and thus becomes a good...