It is sometimes assumed that the Internet provides a sufficient basis for conducting business electronically. However, for business relationships between companies more is required, since electronic forms of business are meant to automate large parts of the business processes involved. To enable...

We develop a transaction cost perspective on standardization processes in order to evaluate the effectiveness of standardization regimes. For this purpose, we define two types of transaction costs, related to coordination of the development of new complementary products and services on the one...

The analysis of standardization processes is dominated by the concept of positive network externalities. This paper develops an alternative view on standardization processes which is based on transaction rather than positive network externalities. We call this view the institutional view and...

We analyse the international process of standardising the so-called third-generation (3G) mobile communications systems as well as China's 3G policy in order to shed light on the relationship between regulation and innovation. For this analysis, we propose a transaction cost-theoretic framework...

This paper develops a multi-interfaced perspective of mobile business platforms, and applies it to the analysis of competition for market power in China' mobile business markets. In particular, it analyzes the roles played by multinational firms (Nokia, Motorola, Apple, Samsung etc.) in the...