multilevel-multiprocess model. According to the latter models, the mortality of a first child goes up as the mother’s age …There is considerable uncertainty about how reproductive factors affect child mortality. Joint determinants are … diverging results. According to very simple models estimated from DHS data from 28 countries in sub-Saharan Africa, mortality is …

We document increased old-age mortality rates among Swedish twin mothers compared to non-twin mothers. Results are … pension income shows the highest increase in mortality rates among highly educated mothers and those with above-median pension … based on administrative data on mortality for the years 1990 to 2010. We argue that twins are an unplanned shock to …