This paper analyzes empirically the volatility of consumption-based stochastic discount factors as a measure of implicit economic fears by studying its relationship with future economic and stock market cycles. Time-varying economic fears seem to be well captured by the volatility of stochastic...

This paper derives closed-form expressions for consumption-based stochastic discount factors adjusted by market-wide illiquidity shocks, considering both contemporaneous and ultimate consumption risk. We find that market-wide illiquidity risk is important for pricing risky assets under...