Stochastic processes is one of the key operations research tools for analysis of complex phenomenon. This paper has a unique application to the study of mean changing models in stock markets. The idea is to enter and exit stock markets like Apple Computer and the broad S&P500 index at good times...

In contrast to conventional model-based derivative pricing, a recent stream of research aims to investigate what prices are consistent with absence of arbitrage, given only the current prices of traded options on the same underlying. This paper gives a succinct survey of work in this area. After...