In this paper, we examine a vehicle routing problem with a makespan objective incorporating both stochastic and … correlated travel times, which is usually not considered in routing problems. As an alternative to simulation, we develop an … can be embedded within an existing routing heuristic. We present results that demonstrate the impact of different …

The majority of stochastic vehicle routing models consider travel times to be independent. However, in reality, travel … times are often stochastic and correlated, such as in urban areas. We examine a vehicle routing problem with a makespan … estimate the expected makespan (and standard deviation) and embed this within a routing heuristic. We present results that …