To study the effect of the legal system on the cost of external financing, we examine the degree of underpricing of the IPOs by foreign companies listed in the U.S. We find that firms from highly corrupted countries have larger IPO underpricing. The quality of the home countries' public law...

The aim of this paper is to present the method for estimating the cost of capital of typical portfolios available on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. The authors introduce the three factor Fama-French model and its two modifications. They also apply the bootstrap method to evaluate the variability of...

Intellectual capital (IC) is an important source of value for companies. The competitive firm invests in new productive ideas through scientific and technological researches of the human factor and services. The traditional factors of “old economy” based on physical assets have been replaced...

Compared with other developed stock markets, the Chinese stock market has a unique informational and trading environment. Given this unique environment, we find that intangible information (which is orthogonal to past accounting information) and arbitrage risk are potential sources of the value...