Over decades, research on multinational enterprises' (MNEs) strategies has been anchored in internalization theory. Strongly grounded in transaction cost economics to explain foreign market entry, it hardly explains how MNEs can build and sustain a competitive advantage. Thus, this paper aims at...

Thinking strategically about foreign operation modes requires moving beyond making a choice for the initial entry into a country. The rethinking about foreign operation modes and how they are used in international business activity has ushered in consideration of the reality of mode combinations...

Individual interactions between partners are recognized today as playing a central role in the evolution of cooperative inter-organizational relationships. Most theoretical treatments of interactions have been made at a macro-level, with reference to constructs such as trust, outcome...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to clarify the distinction between Global Value Chains and selected strands of the business literature: business networks, strategy, and international business. These four research areas have starting questions that are often different and the audiences...

Although the Kyoto Protocol intended to implement emissions trading globally, this has so far been impossible. As a result, particularly Multinational Corporations (MNCs) currently face a wide variety of emissions trading schemes that differ in scope and enforcement, thus creating divergent...

This overview chapter presents the main factors relevant to multinationals and climate change, considering particularly those that play a role at the sector, firm and country levels. It summarizes the main elements that influence multinationals positions and strategies on climate change and that...

Carolin Decker develops and empirically applies a framework in which business exits serve the purpose of re-establishing a firm s previously harmed legitimacy. Her findings support the idea that legitimacy needs drive the likelihood of fit-enhancing business exits in divesting firms.