Im zentralplanwirtschaftlichen System der ehemaligen Sowjetunion war der Einzel-und Großhandel stark vernachlässigt. In den Transformationsjahren nahm sein Beitrag sowohl gemessen an seinem Anteil am BIP als auch anhand der Zahl der Beschäftigten erheblich zu. Das Ziel dieses...

A key factor for a stable and solid development is the gain in labor productivity. The regions that manage to pull out of poverty and improve the living standards of their inhabitants, in fact, need to be able to diversify away from agriculture and other traditional sectors. In doing this, the...

In the centrally planned economy of the former Soviet Union, retail and wholesale trade were very much neglected. Since the beginning of transition the share of trade has increased considerably both in terms of its contribution to national product and employment. This paper analyses the...

In the current age of trade and financial openness, local economies in developing countries are becoming increasingly exposed to external investments. The objective of the proposed two-sector model with environmental externalities is to provide an insight into the interaction between external...

Many empirical studies find a negative correlation between the returns on the nominal spot exchange rate and the lagged forward discount. This forward discount anomaly implies that the current forward rate is a biased predictor of the future spot rate. A large number of studies in the existing...

Structural changes play an essential role in the economic development of a country. They represent the evolution of economic dynamics within the macroeconomy. As we know, the economic sectors of a country do not affect the whole economy equally and their level of output generates economic...

Im zentralplanwirtschaftlichen System der ehemaligen Sowjetunion war der Einzel- und Großhandel stark vernachlässigt. In den Transformationsjahren nahm sein Beitrag sowohl gemessen an seinem Anteil am BIP als auch anhand der Zahl der Beschäftigten erheblich zu. Das Ziel dieses...

Many empirical studies find a negative correlation between the returns on the nominal spot exchange rate and the lagged forward discount. This forward discount anomaly implies that the current forward rate is a biased predictor of the future spot rate. A large number of studies in the existing...