Beyond natural sterility, there are two main types of childlessness: one driven by poverty and another by the high opportunity cost to child-rearing. We argue that taking childlessness and its causes into account matters for assessing the impact of development policies on fertility. We measure...

We develop a theory of marriage and fertility, distinguishing the choice to have children from the choice of the number of children. The deep param eters of the model are identified from the 1990 US Census. We measure voluntary and involuntary childless-ness, and explain why (1) single women are...

Among possible lifestyles, the DINKs (“double income no kids”) are couples choosing to be childless, while the DEWKs (“dually employed with kids”) are couples with children. We develop a theory of marriage and parenthood decisions, where we distinguish the choice to have children from...