With the growing interest in using the technique of index decomposition analysis (IDA) in energy and energy-related emission studies, such as to analyze the impacts of activity structure change or to track economy-wide energy efficiency trends, the conventional single-level IDA may not be able...

Index decomposition analysis (IDA) was first extended from energy consumption to energy-related CO2 emission studies in 1991. Since then many studies have been reported covering various countries and emission sectors. However, unlike the case of energy consumption studies, a comprehensive...