The decline in labour force due to ageing in the Finnish economy is also at the core of the analysis by Urpo Hautala and Jorma Tuukkanen. The authors' starting point is to note that while a social security system with wide coverage, high benefits and little incentive to work can cause a...

Using social security actuarial theory and Shanghai pension data, this paper studies and evaluates quantitatively population importing, postponing retirement age, economic development sustainable development policies from a new prospect. The sensitive analysis results indicate that population...

Population aging is a global phenomenon but what sets Asia apart is the sheer scale and speed of its aging. Pension systems will have to play a bigger role but in most Asian countries pension systems are still underdeveloped, fragmented, and poorly financed. Asian countries need to embark on...

Population aging is a global phenomenon but what sets Asia apart is the sheer scale and speed of its aging. Pension systems will have to play a bigger role but in most Asian countries pension systems are still underdeveloped, fragmented, and poorly financed. Asian countries need to embark on...

In retirement planning, advisors should consider a logical, definitional based framework as convictional where empirical, evidence-based information is not available or is unclear. This paper presents a 3-S model framework for retirement income. The 3-S model seeks retirement income that is...