I show that permitting horizontal sustainability agreements can induce firms to liquidate their polluting production facilities, substituting marginal costs for fixed costs, in situations where they lack unilateral incentives to do so

This research focuses on assessing how improving openness influences CO2 emissions in Sub-Saharan Africa. It is based on 49 countries in SSA for the period 2000-2018 divided into: (i) 44 countries in SSA for the period 2000-2012; and (ii) 49 countries for the period 2006- 2018. Openness is measured...