While the developed world is adapting to the consequences of climate changes, global warming will negatively affect the quality of life and economic growth in developing countries. The low-income populations from low and medium Human Development Index (HDI) countries would suffer even more from...

Housing development has direct and indirect impacts on the environment. Through its design, construction, and operation, housing represents a significant point of direct consumption of natural materials, water, and energy. Therefore, greenhouse gas emissions embodied in housing can be very...

As human populations continue to expand and migrate to cities, shortages of appropriate affordable dwellings remains a central challenge. After reviewing the backdrop, conundrums and approaches, the chapter outlines a sustainable management for affordable housing (‘SMAH') framework and...

Sustainable real estate development is an essential component of intergenerational justice, in part because the real estate sector creates more than 20% of the world's carbon emissions. Governments, recognizing that environmentally sustainable real estate development involves higher upfront...

The increasing rates of unaffordability cases and subsequent housing abandonment recorded in the public and private housing units provided for the average and vulnerable members of society have been linked not just to financial problems but also sustainability issues. Sustainable affordable...

The Renewable Fuel Standard aims to increase the production of biofuels to improve energy efficiency and decrease carbon dioxide emissions in the US. The effectiveness of this regulation is being debated by the scientific community regarding carbon emissions from direct and indirect land-use...