the creation of cooperative networks between the firm and all its stakeholders by promoting the spread of social norms of … duties owed to all the firm's stakeholders. Among stakeholders, we distinguish between strong and weak stakeholders. Both of … them are locked into a relation with the firm by specific investments. While, however, cooperation with strong stakeholders …

toward e-learning. This shift has resulted in the emergence of new challenges and opportunities for stakeholders involved in … success model that considers all stakeholders' needs and perspectives is required. Therefore, this paper proposes a holistic … success model for sustainable e-learning based on the stakeholder approach during the COVID-19 pandemic. The model aims to …