DNA exoneration rates across races among defendants convicted for the same crime in the same state provides an upper bound …

We propose a test of bias based upon patterns of judicial errors. We model the trial court as minimizing a weighted sum … of type I and II errors. We define racial bias a situation where the weight depends on defendant/victim race. If the …

We propose a test of bias based upon patterns of judicial errors. We model the trial court as minimizing a weighted sum … of type I and II errors. We define racial bias a situation where the weight depends on defendant/victim race. If the …

This paper proposes a test of racial bias in capital sentencing based upon patterns of judicial errors in lower courts … that of letting a guilty defendant free. We define racial bias as a situation where the relative weight on the two types of … between 1973 and 1995. We find robust evidence of bias against minority defendants who killed white victims: in Direct Appeal …

operate without the conscious knowledge of judges or jurors. The extension of an implicit racial bias model to legal decision …

prison inmates. Whether and to what degree these disparities are due to bias in the criminal courts remains a contentious … issue. This article pursues two lines of argument toward a structural account of bias in the criminal law, focusing on (1 … accruing to black and Latino defendants, but do not support the contextual hypotheses. When the cumulative effects of bias are …

setting avoids the potential bias from unobservable case characteristics by exploiting the random assignment of judges to … agreements, thereby allowing us to distinguish judicial bias from other sources of ethnic disparities. We find systematic … evidence of in-group (same ethnic group) bias in detention decisions. However, in cases where the decision is to detain, no …