Trends in productivity, labour, and investment in the retail and wholesale trade sectors for the Netherlands in the 1988-94 period are examined. The analysis is based on a longitudinally linked panel of firms from the annual survey of Production Statistics collected by Statistics Netherlands...

During the 19th century, European countries not only industrialised heavily but they also traded with each other and with overseas areas in an until hitherto unkown degree. By 1913, a globalised economy has emerged, which -after the draw-back of the two world wars and the disentagration of the...