. It follows that an antitrust authority ignoring existing PPOs when evaluating merger proposals (which reflects the … to the merger. We show that a PPO reduces the minimal synergy level necessary to make a merger beneficial for consumers … current EU merger control regime) invites sneaky takeovers: Acquiring firms strategically use PPOs prior to a full merger …

We consider merger remedies of the U.S. Department of Justice's Antitrust Division and the U.S. Federal Trade …