Subcontracting — the practice of using intermediaries to contract workers, whether through temp agencies, manpower agencies, franchise, or other multilayered contracting — is an increasingly popular pattern of employment worldwide. Whether justified from a business perspective or not,...

Subcontracting — the practice of using intermediaries to contract workers, whether through temp agencies, manpower agencies, franchise, or other multilayered contracting — is an increasingly popular pattern of employment worldwide. Whether justified from a business perspective or not,...

This article examines recent developments concerning employee and trade union rights to collective negotiations with employers. It considers the extent to which the constitutional guarantee of freedom of association is protected by the present legal framework. Ireland's “voluntarist” system...