Policy considerations:• EU competition law imposes limits on the scope of collective labour law, as it precludes self-employed workers from collective bargaining .• There is a rising number of self-employed workers whose livelihood are characterised by increasing precariousness and whose...

Originally, anchoring labour rights to the existence of a personal relationship of subordination was functional to prevent the greater bargaining strength of the employed being disproportionately reflected in the terms and conditions regulating the provision of labour. This does not seem anymore...