The Internal Revenue Code allows firms to carry excess tax losses forward to offset future taxable income and reduce taxes. Consistent with tax loss carryforwards (TLCFs) creating a significant asset, prior research finds investors positively value TLCFs. However, investors face significant...

Firms with greater product market power have more slack in their decision making because they are able to, at least partially, insulate their cash flows and earnings realizations from shocks to their economic state relative to other firms. Using the period 1993 through 2010, and multiple proxies...