United States, France, the United Kingdom, Germany, Spain, Japan and the Netherlands. There are already a large number of … differs from that of other existing analyses, which point to 1974. – Trend productivity growth in Europe and Japan slowed in …

the US, Japan and the major European countries in order to estimate the effect of energy prices on energy … significantly positively correlated with innovation in both Japan and the EU. A tentative interpretation might be that a rise in …. Furthermore, the tax ratio, which has consistently risen in Japan and especially the EU, could be seen as an indicator for …