We present a dynamic model where the probability of outsourcing production is increasing in the firm’s expectation of … outsourcing. No prior study has been able to provide such causal evidence. Our results are robust to the inclusion of detailed … characteristics of the firms as well as firm fixed effects. -- Outsourcing ; technological change …

their share of output has decreased significantly and Finland has specialized more and more in high technology industries … differs from the pattern of the revealed technological advantage of many other countries. Internationally compared Finland has …, elevators and transfer equipments, and in basic metals. -- Finland ; manufacturing ; production ; technology ; employment …