Kelly, Morgan; Ó Gráda, Cormac; Solar, Peter M. - 2019
Shipping was central to the rise of the Atlantic economies, but an extremely hazardous activity: in the 1780s, roughly … shipping technology was stagnant before iron steamships, in this paper we demonstrate that between the 1780s and 1820s, a … safety revolution occurred that saw shipping losses and insurance rates on oceanic routes almost halved thanks to steady …
