intellectual property right design. We derive conclusions in the simplest, one-time innovation, case then investigate how these … optimal procurement of innovation are considered. Finally, we sketch enforcement and competition policy issues. …

patent-regime change on world-fair exhibits per capita, which we use as a proxy for non-patented innovation. We interpret … generation of innovation. …

This chapter summarizes the basic characteristics of patent data as an innovation indicator and reviews some of the … surveys such as the “innovation survey” of firms and the inventor survey. They have deepened our understanding of the …