by between 1.5% (R&D) and 3% (transport). The impact of offshoring on manufacturing labour demand is small on average … the length of the value chain is more important for employment in services functions in manufacturing than is offshoring. …

-level Trade in Value Added (TiVA) indicators of offshoring and domestic outsourcing. The results suggest that employment in all … types of occupations positively relate to innovation. With respect to offshoring patterns, a positive correlation is … observed between the offshoring of inputs and domestic outsourcing with more routine-intensive jobs. Taken together, the …

China and India have not only increased international trade but have also led to offshoring of activities away from Europe … tradability. They examine whether individuals react to offshoring by switching the tasks that make up their occupation. Finally … Entscheidung der Auslagerung ins Ausland (Offshoring) basiert vor allem auf Kosten-Nutzen-Erwägungen und komparativen Vorteilen …

The paper answers two questions simultaneously. What is the effect of offshoring on firms' total factor productivity …? What is the effect of offshoring on skill-biased technological change? We estimate a model of firm production that allows … for the effect of offshoring on both total factor productivity and relative skilled labor productivity, and for spillovers …