Patent citation data are used in a growing body of economics and business research on technological diffusion. Until now, there exists little evidence on whether patent citations are a good measure of knowledge flows. Our paper assesses the legitimacy of using European patent citations as a...

The purpose of this paper is to examine how the Solow residual relates to innovation at the firm level. We estimate two kinds of relationships. The first relationship explains innovation output from innovation inputs. The second relationship relates TFP growth to innovation output. We obtain two...