obtained. It is demonstrated that convergence is pronounced between regions that are far away from each other while there is no … convergence between neighbor regions. Third, it is shown how the conditional o-convergence approach can be extended to other …

-North convergence based on North-South technology diffusion through intermediate goods trade is guaranteed if the knowledge effect … dominates the productivity effect. Moreover, a larger Southern market expands the area of convergence and can prevent divergence … convergence is desirable for both, the South and the North. …

the beta catch-up and sigma convergence to compare dispersions in output per worker, total factor productivity and ….70% per annum with corresponding time to full catch-up of 25.38 years and 26.01 years respectively. Third, we find sigma-convergence …

, we suggest that the convergence based on the productivity, can be assisted by a reinforcement of supply-side measures …

convergence. We apply three approaches to convergence – beta-convergence, sigma-convergence and quantile-convergence (q-convergence … check if countries of the given sample tend to form convergence clubs in the relevant years. The analysis is run for the …