Countries differ in terms of technological capabilities and complexity of production structures. According to that, countries may follow different development strategies: one based on extracting rents from abundant endowments, such as labor or natural resources, and the other focused on creating...

This paper examines the relationship between exports, productivity, and technological innovation. It first analyzes the causality between the firms’ export behavior and productivity. Unlike other papers using a similar methodology, our results show no evidence of learning by exporting. In...