This paper analyzes the effects of 3D printing technologies on the volume of trade and on the structure of FDI. A … techniques. At this stage international trade stays unaffected. Finally, at later stages, with 3D printing machines being widely … used, further technological progress in 3D printing leads to a gradual replacement of international trade. Empirical …

theory characterizes how innovation and learning determine technology gaps, trade and global income inequality. Countries … innovation-dependence by industry from R&D and bilateral trade data. Calibrating the model implies technology gaps, due to cross …This paper studies the origins and consequences of international technology gaps. I develop an endogenous growth model …

, FIEs) in the information and communication technology (ICT) industry, based on a large-scale survey of ICT firms conducted …

Northern firms with patented technology can export goods to Southern markets and incur tariff costs or choose FDI and … technologies. We also show that a more effective technology does not necessarily require a longer patent protection to induce FDI …

through technology. The purpose of this paper is to present better criteria and indices of overall and technological … Brazil, China, and Russia, which share similarities with India, have duly recognized the importance of innovation, technology …

highly dynamic, multi-technology and globally distributed industry it is a challenge to identify and quantify its appearance … in cluster types, but also enables the estimation of models to identify at least some of the critical factors in … factors in photovoltaic cluster's innovation development is new. The analysis exemplifies the currently increasing scientific …

/medium-sized processors, can be overcome with innovation and technology adoption. Technologies and innovation in these sectors have been both …; and facilitate payments. We evaluate the role of technology in South African fresh fruit and selected processed food value …

suggest that developing countries grow faster when they are globally competitive in low-technology manufacturing and natural …