We exploit exogenous variation arising from the historical rollout of the Swedish railroad network across municipalities to identify the impacts of lowered interaction costs on innovative activity. A network connection led to a surge in local innovation due to an increased entry, productivity,...

This paper studies the effect of emigration on technological change in sending locations after one of the largest migration events in human history, the mass migration from Europe to the United States in the 19th century. To establish causality, we adopt an instrumental variable strategy that...

The Heat Networks Consumer Survey is a BEIS research project into the experiences of consumers on heat networks. The survey was sent via post to consumers between April and July 2017 and received over 3,700 responses from heat network consumers and nearly 1,800 responses from consumers not on...