In article the features of the cluster approach application at formation of national and regional innovative system are considered. On the basis of the historical development analysis the analogy between territorial and production complexes and modern clusters was created by the authors, their...

We explore the regional co-evolution of firm population size, private-sector patenting and public research in the empirical context of German laser research and manufacturing over more than 40 years from the emergence of the industry to the mid-2000s. Our qualitative as well as quantitative...