The recent extensive study of vertical product differentiation models has allowed for the analysis of international trade issues in the presence of country asymmetries in terms of product qualities, technology, costs, market size and income. In the presence of such asymmetries, national...

This paper analyzes the economic effects of TBT under the existence of technological asymmetry between countries. It first defines TBTs and shows the current status and evolution of TBTs using descriptive measures. In addition, the paper also compares the technology levels of Korea to those of...

Since the advent of the GATT regime in the mid-1990s, declines in applied tariff rates and increases in non-tariff measures (NTMs) have been observed. The possibility of NTMs being deployed as protectionist measures in lieu of conventional tariffs has been studied in some literature, for example...

We develop a tractable dynamic model of productivity growth and technology spillovers that is consistent with the emergence of real world empirical productivity distributions. Firms can improve productivity by engaging in in-house R\&D, or alternatively, by trying to imitate other firms'...