This paper analyzes and compares two types of cooperative agreements that combine Intellectual Property (IP): patent …. Although patent pools and copyright collectives differ in purpose, membership size and market conditions, their efficiency …

This paper analyzes the consequences of radical patent-regime change by exploiting a natural experiment: the forced … adoption of the Prussian patent system in territories annexed after the Austro-Prussian War of 1866. Compared to other German … states, Prussia granted patents more restrictively by setting higher novelty requirements. Though, patent fees were much …

This chapter summarizes the basic characteristics of patent data as an innovation indicator and reviews some of the … recent research using patent data, focusing on major developments since Griliches in 1990 [Griliches, Z. (1990). “Patent … availability of patent data on an increasingly global scale and the accompanying global spread of research using patent data. The …