discussion are also reflected on the newly formed innovation policy instrument in Finland - SHOKs (Strategic centres for science … argument by using patent, industry and company level data from Finland. The results provide evidence that ICT, as expected, is …, technology and innovation), which aim to direct a large share of the Finnish public R&D subsidies towards more demand-based and …

viewpoint. The Handbook brings eminent scholars in economics, innovation and development studies together with promising young …pt. I. Innovation and development -- pt. II. Scales in innovation systems : theoretical progress and empirical overview … -- pt. III. Building blocks in innovation systems in developing countries : challenges under globalization -- pt. IV. IS …

The growth potential of countries increasingly depends on the effectiveness of their innovation systems in creating … can be seen as reduced-form innovation systems. Policies to stimulate innovation at national and local levels must both …