specialized commercialization capabilities. According to the predominant framework, if the innovation is protected by a strong … appropriabilty regime the optimal strategy is to license the innovation to an incumbent product firm. This paper argues by contrast … commercialize alone or to pursue a hybrid arrangement (called co-promotion) whereby it licenses the innovation but retains the …

. Studies which use technological innovation systems and multi-level-perspective approaches show that the development of … innovation systems is a complex process, with many direct and indirect interdependencies of the different variables. The paper … case study. In order to develop a perspective how to build the model in technical terms, the dynamics of the innovation …

This guidebook aims to bring citizen-driven innovation to policy makers and change agents around the globe, by … as the driving force of urban innovation. Different models of smart cities are presented, showing how citizen …-centric methods have been used to mobilize resources to respond to urban innovation challenges in a variety of situations, objectives …