Increasing innovation among the European Union (EU) countries became a primary concern, as it can contribute to higher competitiveness, generate new business opportunities, and promote the achievement of the sustainable development goals. This paper aims to examine the extent to which the EU...

R&D subsidized loans ( tiexi daikuan ) is an effective market-driven solution to promote firms' R&D outputs, including patent applications and new product sales, in China. However, empirical examination on the effects of subsidized loans is insufficient. Using a panel data of manufacturing firms...

The study aims at estimating the effects of support for research and development and innovation from the European Union (EU) budget for boosting innovation in European enterprises, using input, output, and behavioral additionality approach. The study is based on microdata of the Community...