Rapid decarbonization of whole countries requires additional research, development, and demonstration of low-carbon energy technologies. Governments support research, development, and demonstration in this area with various financing instruments. These instruments are frequently assessed by...

This paper analyzes the effects of mixed public-private Ramp;D incentives and empirically tests whether patents that were publicly sponsored are more quot;importantquot; than non-subsidized ones. Blending patents and public subsidies will allow the funding agency to subsidize inventions that...