tough test and mitigates the negative impact of failing a soft test. As a result, profits are convex in toughness: the firm … selects either the toughest or softest test available. The toughest test is optimal when consumers start with an unfavorable … prior and receive sufficiently uninformative private signals (an “innovative” product); the softest test is optimal when …

consistency in aggregation is a particularly important screening device. If a price index formula fails the weak consistency test … Preisindexformel diesen Test nicht besteht, aber dennoch für eine mehrstufige Durchschnittspreisberechnung eingesetzt wird, hängt das …

manipulation is to test whether reciprocity is mainly affected by payoff consequences of trust or by intentions underlying it. We …

experimenter-participants to test whether deception aects behaviour of participant-participants in a dictator experiment and …