The universal Scandinavian welfare model offers generous tax financed social benefits. The scheme is associated with workfare elements as a targeting device to direct benefits to those considered deserving. Thereby social insurance and egalitarian outcomes are achieved while work incentives and...

Introduction. Contracting on the policy agenda -- Theories of contracts -- Contractual governance -- Policy change and learning in contracting out -- Contractual governance in USA and Scandinavia -- Comparing Dane County, WI and Odense, Denmark : two case studies -- Performance-based contracting...